W 12:00-12:50 224 AJM Johnson Hall
F 12:00-5:00 Lab in Field (or 100 Trap if not
out side)
(You must be at field site or lab room
at 1:00)
Instructor
Steve Custer
200 Traphagen Hall
Phone: 406 994 6906
e-mail: scuster@montana.edu
Office
Hours
| Did you click Reload? |
| 16 April 2009 We will go to Bridger. We are going
to work with the ram penetrometer. We will need to skin or hike
up hill. Because of time considerations, we will stop at 68-6900
feet. At the bottom of the Virginia City lift. Shovels and
snow kits and rams will be carried up hill. |
Prerequisites:
Jr. Standing; Ability to use Excel
Spreadsheet; Word Processor operation); Math 110; STAT 216; Ability to
ski from top of Bridger Lift; Physics 205 or 211 (Newtonian
Physics).
Required Books:
McClung, D., and Schaerer, P., 1993, The avalanche handbook. The
Mountaineers, Seattle, 271p.
Colbeck, S., Akitaya, E., Armstrong, R., Gubler, H., Lafeuille, J, Lied, K., McClung, D., Morris, E., (eds.), 1990, The international classification for seasonal snow on the ground: International Association of Scientific Hydrology, 23 p. On the web.
You will
also be expected to read some papers on reserve in the library.
Journal
Articles: On reserve in Library.
Optional Book: Glover, T.J., 2000, Pocket Ref (second edition): Sequoia
Publishing, Littleton, CO, 542 p.
Other
Papers that may be of interest.
Student Equipment
Department
Equipment
Instructor's Backup
Link to All Laboratories
| Mon | Date | Day | Topic | Reading |
| Jan | 14 | W | Syllabus, Equipment, Collect Contact Information Discuss Writing | Read Syllabus; *=required Ch 1. |
| 16 |
F | Lecture Marathon 1-5; Meet in 100 Traphagen | We prepare for field and calibrate intstruments | |
| New Snow | *43-49;
316-317; *Libbrecht Web Page; Colbeck et al., 1990; Introduction to Water |
|||
| New Deposition | *p. 49-52; 36-42; 320; *Birkeland,
1998a; Cooperstein
et al, 2004 Colbeck et al. 1990; Lang et al., 1984 |
|||
| Stratigraphy | *p. 67-68; 187-190; 192-193; *Colbeck
et al., 1990; Greene et al.,
2004 p. 21-36 |
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| Metamorphism I | *52-67, p.318-319, *Colbeck, 1982; Birkeland et al., 1998; *Colbeck et al., 1990; | |||
| Jan | 21 | W | Metamorphism II | *52-67, p.318-319; Colbeck, 1982; Colbeck 1998;
Colbeck 2001 |
| 23 | F | Snow Pit Stratigraphy Laboratory | Colbeck, 1990; Custer 1991 (Skim);
Bridger Map Writing Expectations; EXCEL PIT PROGRAM |
|
| Jan | 28 | W | Snow Strength I | p. 173(end)-1181; 226*Green et al., p36-55. |
| Jan | 30 |
F | Quick Snow Strength | *Green et al., p36-55. Birkeland, et al. 1996; Jamieson and Johnston, 1992; Johnson and Birkeland, 1998; Birkeland and Johnson, 1999 CRST; Fohn, 1987; Fohn, 1989. |
| Feb | 04 | W | Snow Strength II | *80-82 *Green et al., 2004, p. 60-62. Conway and Abrahmson, 1984; Sommerfeld, 1984; Perla, 1983. |
| 06 | F | Shear
Strength with Frame |
*Green et al., 2004, p. 60-62+Web; Birkeland,
1998b; Fohn, 1988; |
|
| Feb | 11 |
W | Snow Strength III
Extended Column and Saw Propagation |
Simenhois and
Birkeland 2006; Birkeland and
SImenhois ,2008; Ross and Jamieson, 2008; Gauthier and
Jamieson, 2006 |
| 13 | F | Snow Strength III |
Extended Column; Saw Propagation |
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| |
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| Feb | 18 | W | Avalanche Factors | *Ch 7 (some review); Ch 8; Myths |
| 20 | F | Snow Stratigraphic Variablility | |
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| Feb | 25 | W | Exam through
Snow Strength III |
Exam |
| Feb | 27 | F | Bridger Terrain Tour/ Route Selection |
Bridger
Map Old Bridger Air Photo New Bridger Sattelite Photo Digital Orthophoto NRIS |
| * 82-108; 109-118; Ch 6; | ||||
| Mar | 04 | W | Avalanche Factors | *Ch 7 (some review); Ch 8; Myths |
| 04 | W | Approved Project Plan by 5:00 | ||
| 06 | F | Snow Density | ||
| Mar |
11 |
W |
Avalanche Classification | *73-80; 90-91; 109-111; 126-128 pics; p. 321-329; Green et al. 63-77. Int.Nat.Com. Snow Ice, 1981; Canadian Classification and US Reporting system p.252 |
| 13 |
F |
Project Work Time | ||
| Mar | 18 |
W | SPRING BREAK | |
| 20 |
F |
SPRING BREAK | ||
| Mar | 25 | W | Avalanche
Control |
*123-139; Ch 10 |
| 27 | F | Snow-Water Measurement | *Goodison, 1981;
Rovansek, et al., 1993 *NRCS Snow Survey Sampling Guide |
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| Apr | 01 |
W | Avalanche Control | |
| Apr | 03 |
F | Big
Sky Avalanche Terrain and Mountain Planning |
*300-301 Read Lab Bring Equations Big Sky Map |
| |
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| Apr | 08 | W | Avalanche Control | *123-139; Ch 10 |
| 10 | F | UNIVERSITY DAY HOLIDAY | ||
| South
Madison Snow Stability Alternative. |
|
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| Apr | 15 | W | Ram Penetrometer; Wet Snow Metamorphic Processes |
68-72; 143-145;*Colbeck, 1982 (wet snow); Green et al, 2004, p.56. Trautman; |
| 17 | F | Ram Penetrometer Lab | Excel Ram Profile Program | |
| Wind Redistribution and Radiation Melt Lab
Wind in Trees Data from 2003 |
*p. 21-36, Golding and Swanson, 1986; Hardy and Hansen-Bristow, 1990; Skidmore et al, 1994; Troendle and King, 1985; Gary, 1974 | |||
| Apr | 22 |
W | Snow-Melt Runoff; Wind Redistribution I; |
*190-191; Peitzch; Trautman; Skim Sililo and Tellam 2000; *Golding and Swanson, 1986; Cooley 1988 |
| 24 | F | Snow Melt Laboratory ; | |
|
| 24 |
F |
Project due at 5:00 PM |
||
| *Grady, 1982; Conway and Raymond, 1993; *Rango and Martinec, 1996; Farnes, 1984; Dunne and Leopold, 1978 | ||||
| Apr | 29 |
W | Snow-Melt
Runoff |
68-72; 143-145;
*Grady, 1982; Conway and
Raymond, 1993; *Rango and
Martinec, 1996; Farnes, 1984; Dunne and Leopold, 1978 Ch 10 |
| May | 01 |
F | MSU
Snow Management Snow and People (Streets/Roofs) |
*Ford, 1985; *Ledbetter, 1984 Boyd et al. 1981; Keyser, 1981 |
| May | 08 |
F |
Final Examination
8:00-9:50 AM |
AJM 224;
Avalanche Factors to End of Course |
| Examination 1 | 10 |
| Examination 2 | 20 |
| Laboratory |
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| Project/Paper |
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| Total |
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Disagreements regarding grading: If, after looking at the key, you believe any written product has been miss scored, you may submit your test and a brief written defense of why you believe your work has been miss marked.
All papers for laboratory must be turned in outside room 200 in the turn-in box. Your paper should have your name on it.
Late work will be assessed 10% per day late including weekends and holidays. Work more than 4 days late will not be graded.
Absences: The student is responsible for all lecture, lab, and reading material assigned. There is no simple mechanism to make up a laboratory. For illness there may be possible alternative exercises, but the potential for an alternative exercise depends on the week's activity and will need to be arranged with the instructor. If a make-up is required, the make-up should be done as soon as possible after the missed lab. No end-of semester saves. Arrangements for make-up must be made with the instructor. The student is responsible for making arrangements for laboratory make-up. Role will be taken in Laboratory each week to be certain who is going out of bounds with us. Students are directed to obtain class notes for missed material from another student in the class if a class is missed. Instructor's class notes will not be copied. To make up an absence from an examination, the student must verify illness, severe injury, or family emergency. The student should notify the instructor before the exam to indicate extraordinary circumstances have arisen. His phone has a voice-mail 406-994-6906; email is scuster@montana.edu.
Student Conduct: Documented
academic dishonesty
will result in failure on the piece of work. Repeat offenses will
result in course failure.