ROBERT A. GARROTT
Professor Fish and Wildlife Management
Ecology Department--Montana State University
Office Phone: (406) 994-2270 FAX: (406) 994-3190 e-mail: rgarrott@montana.edu
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Curriculum Vitae
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CURRICULUM VITAE
Submitted manuscripts In Review
Peer-reviewed manuscripts In Press
Peer-reviewed Journal Publications
Articles published in Conference Proceedings
Major Government Contract Reports
Proposals funded while employed at MSU
Ph.D., Wildlife Conservation, University of Minnesota, 1990. (Dissertation: Demography of Feral Horse Populations in the Western United States)
M.S., Wildlife Management, Pennsylvania State University, 1980. (Thesis: Den Characteristics, Productivity, Food Habits, and Behavior of Arctic Foxes in Northern Alaska)
B.S., Wildlife Biology, University of Montana, 1976.
Professor, Department of Ecology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, 1999 - present.
Director, Fish and Wildlife Management Program, 2003 – present.
Associate Professor, Department of Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, 1995 - 1999.
Assistant Professor, Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706. 1991-1995.
Post-doctoral Associate, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108. 1990-1991.
Research Assistant, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108. 1986-1990.
Research Associate, Natural Resources and Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523. 1984-1986.
Staff Scientist, Environmental Science Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545. 1980-1984.
Submitted manuscripts In Review
Gude, J.A., R.A. Garrott, J.J. Borkowski, and F. King. Prey risk allocation in a grazing ecosystem. Ecological Applications
Jaffe, R.M., R.A. Garrott, and J.J. Borkowski. Winter wolf predation in an elk-bison system. Animal Behaviour.
Borkowski, J.J., R.M. Jaffe, R.A. Garrott, and S. Creel. Estimation of predator kill rates using imperfect data. Animal Behavior.
Bergman, E.J., R.A. Garrott, S. Creel, J.J. Borkowski, and R.M. Jaffe. Assessment of prey vulnerability through analysis of wolf movements and kill sites. Ecological Applications.
Messer, A., R.A. Garrott, F.R.D. Watson, S. Cherry, and P.J. White. Examining large herbivore distribution mechanism using fine-scale snowpack data. Landscape Ecology.
Garrott, R.A., J.A. Gude, E.J. Bergman, C.N. Gower, P.J. White, and K.L. Hamlin. Generalizing wolf impacts across the Greater Yellowstone area: a cautionary note. Conservation Biology.
Garrott, R.A., and S. Kalinowski. A model for population dynamics among elk, bison, and wolves. Ecological Applications.
White, P.J., and R.A. Garrott. Northern Yellowstone elk after wolf recovery: potential of density-dependent responses in vital rates. Journal of Wildlife Management.
White, P.J., and R.A. Garrott. Northern Yellowstone elk after wolf recovery: human harvest, wolf off-take, and population projections. Journal of Wildlife Management.
Watson, F.G.R., T.N. Anderson, W.B. Newman, S.E. Alexander, and R.A. Garrott. Sampling spatial snowpack dynamics in a heterogeneous landscape. Journal of Hydrology.
Watson, F.G.R., T.N. Anderson, W.B. Newman, S.E. Alexander, and R.A. Garrott. Modeling spatial snowpack dynamics in a heterogeneous landscape. Journal of Hydrology.
Peer-reviewed manuscripts In Press
Peer-reviewed Journal Publications
Kocar, B.D., R.A. Garrott, and W.P. Inskeep. 2004. Elk exposure to arsenic in geothermal watersheds of Yellowstone National Park, USA. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 23:982-989.
Eberhardt, L.L., R.A. Garrott, and D.W. Smith. 2003. Assessing the impact of wolves on ungulate prey. Ecological Applications 13:776-783
Garrott, R.A., L.L. Eberhardt, P.J. White, and J. Rotella. 2003. Climate-induced limitation of a large herbivore population. Canadian Journal Zoology 81:33-45.
Garrott, R.A., L.L. Eberhardt, J.K. Otton, P.J. White, and M.A. Chaffee. 2003. A geochemical trophic cascade in Yellowstone's geothermal environments. Ecosystems 5:659-666.
Ferrari, M.J., and R.A. Garrott. 2002. Bison and elk: brucellosis seroprevalence on a shared winter range. J. Wildl. Manage. 66:1246-1254.
Cook, R.C., J.G. Cook, R.A. Garrott, and S.L. Monfort. 2002. Effects of diet and body condition on fecal progestagen excretion in elk. Journal Wildlife Diseases 38:558-565.
Creel, S.C., J.E. Fox, A. Hardy, J. Sands, R.A. Garrott, and R.O. Peterson. 2002. Snowmobile activity and glucocorticoid stress responses in wolves and elk. Conservation Biology 16:1-7.
Bjornlie, D.D., and R.A. Garrott. 2001. Effects of winter road grooming on bison in Yellowstone National Park. J. Wildl. Manage. 65:560-572.
Moen, R.A., G.D. DelGiudice, R.A. Garrott, and R.O. Peterson. 2000. Urinary metabolites for enchancing ecological interpretations: a workshop. Alces 36:269-272.
White, P.J. and R.A. Garrott. 1999. Population dynamics of kit foxes. Can. J. Zool. 77:486-493.
Pils, A.C., R.A. Garrott, and J. Borkowski. 1999. Sampling and statistical analysis of snow-urine allantoin:creatinine ratios. J. Wildl. Manage. 63:1118-1131.
Eberhardt, L.L., R.A. Garrott, and B.L. Becker. 1999. Using trend indices for endangered species. Marine Mammal Science 15:766-785.
L.L. Eberhardt, R.A. Garrott, P.J. White, and P. Gogan. 1998. Alternative methodologies for estimating large ungulate populations from mark-recapture aerial survey data. J. Wildl. Manage. 60:1046-1052.
Garrott, R.A., J.G. Cook, L.L. Cadwell, and J.F. Kirkpatrick. 1998. Antibody response of elk immunized with porcine zona pellucida. J. Wildl. Diseases 34:539-546.
Garrott, R.A., S.L. Monfort, P.J. White, K.L. Mashburn, and J.G. Cook. 1998. One-sample pregnancy diagnosis in elk using fecal steroid metabolites. J. Wildl. Disease 34:126-131.
Heilmann, T.J., R.A. Garrott, L.L. Cadwell, and B.L. Tiller. 1998. Behavioral response of free-ranging elk treated with an immunocontraceptive vaccine. J. Wildl. Manage. 62:243-250
White, P.J. and R.A. Garrott. 1997. Factors regulating kit fox populations. Can. J. Zool. 75:1982-1988.
White, P.J., R.A. Garrott, and D.M. Heisey. 1997. An evaluation of snow-urine ratios as indices of ungulate nutritional status. Can. J. Zool. 75:1687-1694.
Garrott, R.A., J.G. Cook, J.G. Berardinelli, P.J. White, S. Cherry, and D.B. Vagnoni. 1997. Evaluation of the urinary allantoin:creatinine ratio as a nutritional index for elk. Can. J. Zool. 75:1519-1525.
Cox, E.W., R.A. Garrott, and J.R. Cary. 1997. Effect of supplemental cover on survival of snowshoe hares and cottontail rabbits in patchy habitat. Can. J. Zool. 75:1357-1363.
Eberhardt, L.L., and R.A. Garrott. 1997. Response to critique by Garshelis and Estes of Exxon Valdez sea otter mortality estimate. Marine Mammal Science 13:178-181.
Craig, B.A., M.A. Newton, and R.A. Garrott. 1997. Analysis of aerial survey data on Florida manatee using Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Biometrics 53:524-541.
Garrott, R.A., P.J. White, and D.B. Vagnoni. 1996. Purine derivative in snow-urine as a dietary index in free-ranging elk. J. Wildl. Manage. 60:735-743.
Vagnoni, D.B., R.A. Garrott, J.G. Cook, and P.J. White. 1996. Urinary allantoin:creatinine ratios as a dietary index in elk. J. Wildl. Manage. 60:728-734.
White, P.J., R.A. Garrott, C.A. Vanderbilt White, and G.A. Sargeant. 1995. Interpreting mean chemical ratios from simple random collections of snow-urine samples. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 23:705-710.
White, P. J., R.A. Garrott, J. F. Kirkpatrick, and B. Berkley. 1995. Diagnosing pregnancy in free-ranging elk using fecal steroid metabolites. J. Wildl. Disease. 31:514-522.
Garrott, R.A. 1995. Effective management of free-ranging ungulate populations using contraception. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 23:445-452.
White, P.J., K. Ralls, and R.A. Garrott. 1995. Coyote - kit fox interactions as revealed by telemetry. Can. J. Zool. 72:1831-1836.
White, P.J., R.A. Garrott, and D.M. Heisey. 1995. Variability in snow-urine assays. Can. J. Zool. 73:427-432.
Garrott, R.A., B.A. Ackerman, J.R. Cary, D.M. Heisey, J.E. Reynolds, III, P.M. Rose, and J.R. Wilcox. 1994. Trends in counts of Florida manatees at winter aggregation sites. J. Wildl. Manage. 58:642-654.
Jakubas, W.J., R.A. Garrott, P.J. White, and D.R. Mertens. 1994. Elk consumption of burnt lodgepole pine as influenced by digestibility and secondary metabolites. J. Wildl. Manage. 58:35-46.
Garrott, R.A., P.J. White, and C.A. Vanderbilt White. 1993. Overabundance: an issue for conservation biologists? Conservation Biology 7:946-949.
Garrott, R.A., L.L. Eberhardt, and D.M. Burn. 1993. Mortality of sea otters following the Exxon Valdez oil spill. Marine Mammal Science 9:343-359.
Eagle, T.C., C.S. Asa, R.A. Garrott, E.D. Plotka, D.B Siniff, and J.R. Tester. 1993. Efficacy of dominant male sterilization to reduce reproduction in feral horses. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 21:116-121.
Garrott, R.A., and D.B. Siniff. 1992. Limitations of male-oriented contraception for controlling feral horse populations. J. Wildl. Manage. 56:456-464.
Eagle, T.C., E.D. Plotka, R.A. Garrott, D.B. Siniff, and J.R. Tester. 1992. Efficacy of chemical contraception in feral mares. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 20:211-216.
Garrott, R.A., D.B. Siniff, J.R. Tester, T.C. Eagle, and E.D. Plotka. 1992. A comparison of contraceptive technologies for feral horse management. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 20:318-326.
Scribner, K.T., M.H. Smith, R.A. Garrott, and L.H. Carpenter. 1991. Temporal, spatial, and age-specific changes in genotypic composition of mule deer. J. Mamm. 72:126-137.
Garrott, R.A. 1991. Feral horse fertility control: potential and limitations. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 19:52-58.
Garrott, R.A., T.C. Eagle, and E.D. Plotka. 1991. Age-specific reproduction in feral horses. Can. J. Zool. 69:738-743.
Garrott, R.A. 1991. Bias in aging feral horses. J. Range. Manage. 44:611-623.
Garrott, R.A. 1991. Feral horse sex ratios and differential survival. J. Anim. Ecol. 60:929-937.
Garrott, R.A., L.L. Eberhardt, and D.B. Siniff. 1991. Feral horse population growth rates. J. Wildl. Manage. 55:641-648.
Garrott, R.A., and L. Taylor. 1990. Dynamics of a feral horse population in Montana. J. Wildl. Manage. 54:603-611.
White, G.C., R.M. Bartmann, L.H. Carpenter, and R.A. Garrott. 1989. Evaluation of aerial line transects for estimating mule deer densities in pinyon-juniper woodland. J. Wildl. Manage. 53:625-635.
Smith, M.H., K.T. Scribner, L.H. Carpenter, and R.A. Garrott. 1989. Genetic characteristics of Colorado mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and comparisons with other cervids. Southwest Naturalists. 35:1-8.
Bartmann, R.M., G.C. White, L.H. Carpenter, and R.A. Garrott. 1987. Aerial mark-recapture estimates of confined mule deer in pinyon-juniper woodland. J. Wildl. Manage. 51:41-46.
Garrott, R.A., G.C. White, R.M. Bartmann, L.H. Carpenter, and A.W. Alldredge. 1987. Movements of female mule deer in northwest Colorado. J. Wildl. Manage. 51:634-643.
White, G.C., R.A. Garrott, R.M. Bartmann, L.H. Carpenter, and A.W. Alldredge. 1987. Survival of mule deer in northwest Colorado. J. Wildl. Manage. 51:852-859.
White, G.C., and R.A. Garrott. 1986. Effects of biotelemetry triangulation error on detecting habitat selection. J. Wildl. Manage. 50:509-12.
Garrott, R.A., G.C. White, R.M. Bartmann, and D.L. Weybright. 1986. Reflected signal bias in biotelemetry triangulation systems. J. Wildl. Manage. 50:747-51.
Bartmann, R.M., L.H. Carpenter, R.A. Garrott, and D.C. Bowden. 1986. Accuracy of helicopter counts of mule deer in pinyon-juniper woodland. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 14:356-63.
Lee, J.E., G.C. White, R.A. Garrott, R.M. Bartmann, and A.W. Alldredge. 1985. Assessing accuracy of a radiotelemetry system for estimating animal locations. J. Wildl. Manage. 49:658-63.
Garrott, R.A., R.M. Bartmann, and G.C. White. 1985. Comparison of radio-transmitter packages relative to deer fawn mortality. J. Wildl. Manage. 49:758-59.
Garrott, R.A., L.E. Eberhardt, and W.C. Hanson. 1984. Arctic fox denning behavior in northern Alaska. Can. J. Zool. 62:1636-40.
Garrott, R.A., and R.M. Bartmann. 1984. Evaluation of vaginal implants for mule deer. J. Wildl. Manage. 48:646-48.
Garrott, R.A., and R.W. Hayes. 1984. A radio-controlled device for triggering traps. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 12:320-22.
Eberhardt, L.E., R.A. Garrott, and W.C. Hanson. 1983. Den use by arctic foxes in northern Alaska. J. Mammal. 64:97-102.
Eberhardt, L.E., R.A. Garrott, and W.C. Hanson. 1983. Winter movements of arctic foxes, Alopex lagopus, in a petroleum development area. Can. Field-Nat. 97:66-70.
Garrott, R.A., L.E. Eberhardt, and W.C. Hanson. 1983. Summer food habits of juvenile arctic foxes in northern Alaska. J. Wildl. Manage. 47:540-45.
Garrott, R.A., L.E. Eberhardt, and W.C. Hanson. 1983. Arctic fox den identification and characteristics in northern Alaska. Can. J. Zool. 61:423-26.
Garrott, R.A., and L.E. Eberhardt. 1982. Mortality of arctic fox pups in northern Alaska. J. Mammal. 63:173-74.
Garrott, R.A., and G.C. White. 1982. Age and sex selectivity in trapping mule deer. J. Wildl. Manage. 46:1083-1086.
Eberhardt, L.E., W.C. Hanson, J.L. Bengtson, R.A. Garrott, and E.E. Hanson. 1982. Arctic fox home range characteristics in an oil development area. J. Wildl. Manage. 46:183-190.
Garrott, R.A., and D.A. Jenni. 1978. Arboreal behavior of yellow-bellied marmots. J. Mammal. 59:433-34.
Kuchel, C.R., and R.A. Garrott. 1975. Boreal owl sighting in Yellowstone National Park. Western Birds 6:21-23.
White, G.C., and R.A. Garrott. 1990. Analysis of wildlife radio-tracking data. Academic Press, New York. 383pp.
Garrott, R.A. 1995. Wildlife radio-telemetry. Pages 575-585, in W. A. Nierenberg, ed., Encyclopedia of Environmental Biology, Volumn 3, Academic Press Inc., San Diego, CA.
Garrott, R.A., D.B. Siniff, J.R. Tester, and E.D. Plotka. 1992. Contraception as a tool for managing feral horse populations in the western United States. Pages 294-303 in D. R. McCullough and R. H. Barrett, eds., Wildlife 2001: Populations. Elsevier Applied Science, New York.
Ralls, K., R.A. Garrott, D.B. Siniff, and A.M. Starfield. 1992. Research on threatened populations. Pages 197-216 in D. R. McCullough and R. H. Barrett, eds., Wildlife 2001: Populations. Elsevier Applied Science, New York.
Garrott, R.A., and L.E. Eberhardt. 1987. The arctic fox, in M. Novak and J. Baker (eds.), Wild Furbearer Management and Conservation in North America. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources.
Articles published in Conference Proceedings
Garrott, R.A., B.A. Ackerman, J.R. Cary, D.M. Heisey, J.E. Reynolds, III, J.R. Wilcox. 1995. Assessment of trends in sizes of populations at several Florida manatee aggregation sites. Pages 34-55, in T.. O'Shea, B.B. Ackerman, and H.F. Percival, eds., Proceedings of the 1992 workshop on the population biology of the Florida Manatee. National Biological Service Information and Technology Report No. 1.
Garrott, R.A., and G.C. White. 1984. Methodology for assessing the impacts of oil shale development on the Piceance Basin mule deer herd. Pages 228-231 in R.D. Comer et al. (eds.), Issues and Technology in the Management of Impacted Western Wildlife. Thorne Ecological Institute, Boulder, CO.
White, G.C., and R.A. Garrott. 1983. Assessing impacts of oil shale development on the Piceance Basin mule deer herd. Pages 483-486 in J.F. Bell and T. Atterbury (eds.), Renewable Resource Inventories for Monitoring Changes and Trends. Oregon State Univ., Corvallis.
Penman, J.A., R.A. Garrott, A. Anthony, L.E. Eberhardt, H. Rothenbacher, G.L. Storm, and W.M. Tzilkowski. 1980. Bioindicators of the health of arctic foxes. Pages 386-406 in J.A. Chapman and D. Pursley (eds.), Worldwide Furbearer Conference, Frostburg, MD.
Major Government Contract Reports
Larntz, K. and R. Garrott. 1996. Analysis bycatch of selected species of marine birds and mammals captured in the North Pacific flying squid fishery during the 1989, 1990, and 1991 seasons. Submitted in fulfillment of contact obligations to U.S. Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Wash. 688pp.
Larntz, K. and R. Garrott. 1995. Analysis of 1991 bycatch of selected mammal species in the North Pacific neon squid driftnet fishery. Submitted in fulfillment of contact obligations to U.S. Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Wash. 247pp.
Larntz, K. and R. Garrott. 1993. Analysis of 1990 bycatch of selected mammal species in the North Pacific neon squid driftnet fishery. Submitted in fulfillment of contact obligations to U.S. Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Wash. 286pp.
Larntz, K. and R. Garrott. 1992. Analysis of bycatch of selected bird and mammal species in the 1989 Japanese neon squid fishery. Submitted in fulfillment of contact obligations to U.S. Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Wash. 146pp.
Proposals funded while employed at MSU
2004: National Science Foundation. Predator-prey dynamics in a large mammal system @ $299,000 for 2004-2007, with L.L. Eberhardt.
2004: National Park Service. Bison demography in relation to groomed roads during winter. @ $49,000 for 2004-2006.
2003: NASA REASoN. Systems Integration and Visualization of Yellowstone @$1.5 million for 2003-2008; Fred Watson, Susan Alexander (California State University Monterey Bay), with Robert Garrott, and P.J. White (National Park Service).
2002: National Science Foundation-EPSCoR. Vital rate variation and population regulation of Weddell seals in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica @ $30,000 for 2002, with J. Rotella.
2002: National Science Foundation. Patterns and processes: dynamics of the Erebus Bay Weddell seal population @ $630,103 for 2002-2007, with J. Rotella.
2002: National Park Service. Spatial dynamics of the central Yellowstone bison herd @ $73,035 for 2002-2005.
2002: National Park Service. Modeling the consequences of wolf recovery on the northern Yellowstone elk population @ $10,200 for 2002-2003.
2002: National Park Service. Investigation of snowpack distribution and characteristics in the central portion of Yellowstone National Park @ $8,000 for 2002-2003.
2002: USGS. Assessing impacts of development on pronghorn antelope on the northern Yellowstone winter range@ $44,259 for 2002-2003, R. Garrott and K. Keating
2001: USGS. Greater Yellowstone Initiative Transportation@ $48,932 for 2001-2002, R. Garrott
2000: National Science Foundation. Predator-prey dynamics in a wolf-ungulate system@ $269,998 for 2000-2004, R. Garrott and L. Eberhardt
2000: Thermal Biology Institute-NASA. Exploring geochemical trophic cascades in Yellowstone's geothermal environments@, $13,620 for 2000-2002. R. Garrott, W. Inskeep, T. McDermott
1999: National Park Service. Habitat limits of declining pronghorn in Yellowstone National Park@, $40,000 for 1999-2002, R. Garrott
1998: National Park Service. Evaluating the effects of winter recreation on wildlife in Yellowstone National Park@ $115,000 for 1998-2000. R. Garrott and S. Creel.
1998: National Science Foundation. Predator-prey dynamics in a wolf-ungulate system@ $220,487 requested, $74,896 awarded in 1998-99. R. Garrott and L. Eberhardt
1998: National Park Service. Evaluating risk factors for transmission of Brucellosis from bison to elk in Yellowstone National Park@ Additional work order on 1996 grant $9,570 in 1998-99. R. Garrott.
1997: USGS -Biological Resources Division. Geothermal features and their cascading effects on ecosystem processes in Yellowstone National Park@ $9250 in 1998. R. Garrott and J. Otton
1997: USGS -Biological Resources Division. Development of aerial survey methodology for bison population estimation in Yellowstone National Park@ $90,333 in 1997-2000. R. Garrott and L. Eberhardt.
1997: USGS -Biological Resources Division. Bison use of groomed roads in Yellowstone National Park@ $69,059 in 1998-2001. R. Garrott.
1996: Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation. Assessing the potential of allantoin:creatinine ratios as a nutritional index for free-ranging elk populations@ $7,000 in 1997. R. Garrott.
1996: National Park Service. Evaluating risk factors for transmission of Brucellosis from bison to elk in Yellowstone National Park@ $55,903 in 1996-98. R. Garrott.
1995: Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation. Development and testing of noninvasive nutritional indices for elk research and management@ $9,180 in 1996. R. Garrott.
1995: Welder Wildlife Foundation. Development and testing of noninvasive nutritional indices for elk research and management@ $21,120 in 1996. R. Garrott.